If you're studying a new language, you might discover these phrases not in your textbooks but when you're hanging out with friends. Interpersonal Chemistry: What Is It, How Does It Emerge, and How Does it Operate? If you're studying a new language, you might discover these phrases not. But if they were sitting facing north, they would lay out the story from right to left. Something new will have started by then, just like if we listen to people in 1971, they sound odd in that they don't say like as much as we do. But, you know, John, something gnaws at me every time I hear the word used wrong. That hadn't started then. This week, in the final . UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #16: Not figuratively, it's literally MCWHORTER: Yeah. And so somebody says something literally, somebody takes a point literally. Many of us rush through our days, weeks, and lives, chasing goals, and just trying to get everything done. But what happens when these feelings catch up with us? UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #10: (Speaking Russian). He. I'm Shankar Vedantam. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. According to neuroscientists who study laughter, it turns out that chuckles and giggles often aren't a response to humorthey're a response to people. Imagine how we would sound to them if they could hear us. : A Data-Driven Prescription to Redefine Professional Success, by Lawrence S. Krieger and Kennon M. Sheldon, George Washington Law Review, 2015. BORODITSKY: The way to say my name properly in Russian is (speaking foreign language), so I don't make people say that. If you're just joining us, I'm talking to John McWhorter. Sometimes you just have to suck it up. In the United States, we often praise people with strong convictions, and look down on those who express doubt or hesitation. Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. VEDANTAM: One of the things I found really interesting is that the evolution of words and language is constant. We all have to make certain choices in life, such as where to live and how to earn a living. John, you've noted that humans have been using language for a very long time, but for most of that time language has been about talking. Well, if you have a word like that and if it's an intensifier of that kind, you can almost guess that literally is going to come to mean something more like just really. So you can think about an un-gendered person in the same way that I might think about a person without a specific age or specific height or specific color shirt. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy, Freely Determined: What the New Psychology of the Self Teaches Us About How to Live, Going the Distance on the Pacific Crest Trail: The Vital Role of Identified Motivation, Athletic Scholarships are Negatively Associated with Intrinsic Motivation for Sports, Even Decades Later: Evidence for Long-Term Undermining, Rightly Crossing the Rubicon: Evaluating Goal Self-Concordance Prior to Selection Helps People Choose More Intrinsic Goals, What Makes Lawyers Happy? If you liked . Special thanks to Adam Cole, who wrote and performed our rendition of "The Hokey Pokey." All sponsorship opportunities on Hidden Brain are managed by SXM Media. And it's not just about how we think about time. BORODITSKY: Yeah. But we have plenty of words like that in English where it doesn't bother us at all. BORODITSKY: One thing that we've noticed is this idea of time, of course, is very highly constructed by our minds and our brains. And then when I turned, this little window stayed locked on the landscape, but it turned in my mind's eye. Well, that's an incredibly large set of things, so that's a very broad effect of language. In this week's My Unsung Hero, Sarah Feldman thanks someone for their gift more than 20 years ago. SHANKAR VEDANTAM, HOST:This is HIDDEN BRAIN. Which pile do you go in, right? And I would really guess that in a few decades men will be doing it, too. Does a speaker of a language, like Spanish, who has to assign gender to so many things, end up seeing the world as more gendered? VEDANTAM: So all this raises a really interesting question. In this month's Radio Replay, we ask whether the structure of the languages we speak can change the way we see the world. And so to address that question, what we do is we bring English speakers into the lab, and we teach them grammatical genders in a new language that we invent. Toward Understanding Understanding:The Importance of Feeling Understood in Relationships, by Harry Reis, Edward P. Lemay Jr, and Catrin Finkenauer, Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2017. Each generation hears things and interprets things slightly differently from the previous one. Parents and peers influence our major life choices. As soon as you move the leg, it becomes a different leg. For example, when we started talking about navigation, that's an example where a 5-year-old in a culture that uses words like north, south, east and west can point southeast without hesitation. I'm Shankar Vedantam. Growing up, I understood this word to mean for a very short time, as in John McWhorter was momentarily surprised. And so he suggested it might be the case that the arbitrarily assigned grammatical genders are actually changing the way people think about these days of the week and maybe all kinds of other things that are named by nouns. Hidden Brain Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. Language as it evolved was just talking to an extent that can be very hard for we literate people to imagine. So for example, if Sam grabbed a hammer and struck the flute in anger, that would be one description, like, Sam broke the flute. They know which way is which. And I don't think any of us are thinking that it's a shame that we're not using the language of Beowulf. In many languages, nouns are gendered. If you are able, we strongly encourage you to listen to the audio, which includes emotion and emphasis that's not on the page. something, even though it shouldn't be so much of an effort. "Most of the laughter we produce is purely . BORODITSKY: My family is Jewish, and we left as refugees. 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But I think that we should learn not to listen to people using natural language as committing errors because there's no such thing as making a mistake in your language if a critical mass of other people speaking your language are doing the same thing. But I don't think that it's always clear to us that language has to change in that things are going to come in that we're going to hear as intrusions or as irritating or as mistakes, despite the fact that that's how you get from, say, old Persian to modern Persian. Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. This week, in the second installment of our Happiness 2.0 series, psychologist Todd Kashdan looks at the relationship between distress and happiness, and ho, Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. Maybe it's even less than a hundred meters away, but you just can't bring yourself to even throw your coat on over your pajamas and put your boots on and go outside and walk those hundred meters because somehow it would break the coziness. But somehow they've managed, not just by randomly bumping into each other. BORODITSKY: Thank you so much for having me. ), Handbook of Closeness and Intimacy, 2004. What Makes Lawyers Happy? It should be thought of as fun. For example, he might take a bunch of pictures of boys and girls and sort them and say, OK, this is a boy. Podcasters use the RadioPublic listener relationship platform to build lasting connections with fans. We call this language Gumbuzi. MCWHORTER: Language is a parade, and nobody sits at a parade wishing that everybody would stand still. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy, direct support to Hidden Brain by making a gift on our Patreon page, sponsorship opportunities on Hidden Brain. In the second episode of our "Relationships 2.0" series, psychologist Do you ever struggle to communicate with your mom? This week, in the fourth and final installment of our Happiness 2.0 series, psychologist Dacher Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. Maybe they like the same kinds of food, or enjoy the same hobbies. If you're a monolingual speaker of one of these languages, you're very likely to say that the word chair is masculine because chairs are, in fact, masculine, right? We'll also look at how languages evolve, and why we're sometimes resistant to those changes. You're not going to do trigonometry. So that's an example of how languages and cultures construct how we use space to organize time, to organize this very abstract thing that's otherwise kind of hard to get our hands on and think about. So you have speakers of two different languages look at the same event and come away with different memories of what happened because of the structure of their languages and the way they would normally describe them. GEACONE-CRUZ: It's a Sunday afternoon, and it's raining outside. And what's cool about languages, like the languages spoken in Pormpuraaw, is that they don't use words like left and right, and instead, everything is placed in cardinal directions like north, south, east and west. If the language stayed the way it was, it would be like a pressed flower in a book or, as I say, I think it would be like some inflatable doll rather than a person. It is a great, free way to engage the podcast community and increase the visibility of your podcasts. Many of us rush through our lives, chasing goals and just trying to get everything done. : The Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Benefits of Sharing Positive Events, Shelly. You can find the transcript for most episodes of Hidden Brain on our website. Copyright 2023 Steno. Hidden Brain: You, But Better on Apple Podcasts 50 min You, But Better Hidden Brain Social Sciences Think about the resolutions you made this year: to quit smoking, eat better, or get more exercise. What Do You Do When Things Go Right? GEACONE-CRUZ: It's a Sunday afternoon, and it's raining outside. And if you can enjoy it as a parade instead of wondering why people keep walking instead of just sitting on chairs and blowing on their tubas and not moving, then you have more fun. Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. Shankar Vedantam, host of the popular podcast "Hidden Brain" has been reporting on human behavior for decades. Go behind the scenes, see what Shankar is reading and find more useful resources and links. GEACONE-CRUZ: It describes this feeling so perfectly in such a wonderfully packaged, encapsulated way. So we did an analysis of images in Artstor. In a lot of languages, there isn't. Imagine you meet somebody, they're 39 and you take their picture. Please note that your continued use of the RadioPublic services following the posting of such changes will be deemed an acceptance of this update. And so even though I insist that there is no scientific basis for rejecting some new word or some new meaning or some new construction, I certainly have my visceral biases. And the way you speak right is not by speaking the way that people around you in your life speak, but by speaking the way the language is as it sits there all nice and pretty on that piece of paper where its reality exists. Lera is a cognitive science professor at the University of California, San Diego. The Effective Negotiator Part 1: The Behavior of Successful Negotiators and The Effective Negotiator Part 2: Planning for Negotiations, by Neil Rackham and John Carlisle, Journal of European Industrial Training, 1978. So LOL starts out as meaning hardy-har-har (ph), but then it becomes something more abstract. Purpose can also boost our health and longevity. VEDANTAM: I'm Shankar Vedantam. in your textbooks but when you're hanging out with friends. Listen on the Reuters app. But what we should teach is not that the good way is logical and the way that you're comfortable doing it is illogical. And I kind of sheepishly confessed this to someone there. VEDANTAM: In the English-speaking world, she goes by Lera Boroditsky. But they can also steer us in directions that leave us deeply unsatisfied. And maybe the convenience store or the shop is really not that far away. Today's episode was the first in our You 2.0 series, which runs all this month. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy thats all around us. That is utterly arbitrary that those little slits in American society look elderly, but for various chance reasons, that's what those slits came to mean, so I started wearing flat-fronted pants. UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN #1: (Speaking foreign language). MCWHORTER: You could have fun doing such a thing. Think back to the last time someone convinced you to do something you didn't want to do, or to spend money you didn't want to spend. VEDANTAM: This episode of HIDDEN BRAIN was produced by Rhaina Cohen, Maggie Penman and Thomas Lu with help from Renee Klahr, Jenny Schmidt, Parth Shah and Chloe Connelly. Lots of languages make a distinction between things that are accidents and things that are intentional actions. And MIT linguist Ken Hale, who's a renowned linguist, said that every time a language dies, it's the equivalent of a bomb being dropped on the Louvre. Writing has come along relatively recently. So you can't see time. It can be almost counterintuitive to listen to how much giggling and laughing you do in ordinary - actually rather plain exchanges with people. And if it was feminine, then you're likely to paint death as a woman. I think language can certainly be a contributor into the complex system of our thinking about gender. This week, we kick off a month-long series we're calling Happiness 2.0. And they said, well, of course. The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. But it turns out humans can stay oriented really, really well, provided that their language and culture requires them to keep track of this information. Subscribe to the Hidden Brain Podcast on your favorite podcast player so you never miss an episode. Psychologist Ken Sheldon studies the science of figuring out what you want. But actually, that's exactly how people in those communities come to stay oriented - is that they learn it, (laughter) right? Just go to the magnifying glass in the top right corner, click on it, and use the search function at the top of the page. Maybe it's, even less than 100 meters away, but you just can't bring yourself to even throw your, coat on over your pajamas, and put your boots on, and go outside and walk those, hundred meters because somehow it would break the coziness, and it's just too much of, an effort, and you can't be bothered to do it, even though it's such a small thing. VEDANTAM: If you're bilingual or you're learning a new language, you get what Jennifer, experienced - the joy of discovering a phrase that helps you perfectly encapsulate a. feeling or an experience. And so for me, that question was born in that conversation of are there some languages where it's easier to imagine a person without their characteristics of gender filled in? When we come back, we dig further into the way that gender works in different languages and the pervasive effects that words can play in our lives. Researcher Elizabeth Dunn helps us map out the unexpected ways we can find joy and happiness in our everyday lives. Does Legal Education Have Undermining Effects on Law Students? Subscribe: iOS | Android | Spotify | RSS | Amazon | Stitcher Latest Episodes: Happiness 2.0: The Reset Button VEDANTAM: The word chair is feminine in Italian. It takes, GEACONE-CRUZ: It's this phrase that describes something between I can't be, bothered or I don't want to do it or I recognize the incredible effort that goes into. Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. This is Hidden Brain. Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. And it really is an illusion that what language is, is something that sits still. BORODITSKY: So quite literally, to get past hello, you have to know which way you're heading. MCWHORTER: It's a matter of fashion, pure and simple. This week, in the second installment of our Happiness 2.0 series, psychologist Todd Kashdan looks at the relationship between distress and happiness, and how to keep difficult emotions from sabotaging our wellbeing.
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